bytes类型转换为str类型|Linux|python-bytes-string

bytes类型转换为string类型

在 Python 中，将 bytes 类型转换为 str 类型需要使用 解码（decode） 操作，因为 bytes 是二进制数据，而 str 是 Unicode 字符串。转换的关键是明确字节数据的编码方式（如 UTF-8、GBK 等）。

方法：使用 decode() 方法

bytes 对象的 decode() 方法可以将字节数据解码为字符串。默认编码是 utf-8，但建议显式指定编码格式以避免意外错误。

示例代码：

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# 原始 bytes 数据
byte_data = b'idn'

# 使用 decode() 转换为 str
str_data = byte_data.decode('utf-8')  # 指定编码为 UTF-8
print(str_data)  # 输出：'idn'

# 如果编码方式不同，需调整参数
# 例如，如果字节是用 GBK 编码的：
# str_data = byte_data.decode('gbk')
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一行命令获取必应每日图片|Linux|Image

无水印1920x1080

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curl -s "https://www.bing.com"`curl -s https://www.bing.com | head -c 1500 | awk -v FS='LaDigue_1920x1080.jpg' '{print $1}' | awk -v FS='ico" /><link rel="preload" href="' '{print $2}'`LaDigue_1920x1080.jpg -o bing.jpg

国内版

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curl -s "https://cn.bing.com"`curl -s https://cn.bing.com | head -c 1500 | awk -v FS='LaDigue_1920x1080.jpg' '{print $1}' | awk -v FS='ico" /><link rel="preload" href="' '{print $2}'`LaDigue_1920x1080.jpg -o bing.jpg
Linux systemed timer 定时任务|Linux|systemed

创建服务

nano /etc/systemd/system/myshsh.service

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[Unit]
Description=Add a short description

[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=your command
KillMode=process
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Linux dd 命令显示进度|Linux|dd
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dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 status=progress
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watch -n 1 pkill -USR1 -x dd
Linux S3 sync tools|Linux|sync

rclone

rclone --size-only -P sync LOCAL_DIR S3:BUCKET

rsync

rsync -av LOCAL_DIR1 LOCAL_DIR2

s3cmd

s3cmd sync LOCAL_DIR s3://BUCKET[/PREFIX]
or
s3cmd sync s3://BUCKET[/PREFIX] LOCAL_DIR

minio mc

mc mirror -a -w LOCAL_DIR s3/BUCKET

adb自动转发端口到主机|Android|adb-forward
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#!/bin/bash
sudo adb kill-server
#sudo adb -a start-server
sudo adb -a nodaemon server &
while :
do
    if netstat -ntulp | grep 8022
    then
        sleep 6
    else
        adb wait-for-device
        adb -H localhost forward tcp:8888 tcp:8022
    fi
done
Debian Install Documents|Linux

设置时区

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

当前时间

date '+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'
date "+%D %T"

Linux Server Docker Deploy|Docker|Portainer-MariaDB-Nextcloud-Redis-NetWork-Nginx-Bitwarden-Minio

Create Docker NetWork

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docker network create --subnet=172.18.0.0/16 mynetwork

Portainer

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docker volume create portainer_data
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 --name portainer --restart always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce
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iRedMail|Linux|mail

iRedMail Install

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mkdir /root/MyData/iredmail
cd /root/MyData/iredmail
touch iredmail-docker.conf

echo HOSTNAME=mail.aaa.com >> iredmail-docker.conf
echo FIRST_MAIL_DOMAIN=aaa.com >> iredmail-docker.conf
echo FIRST_MAIL_DOMAIN_ADMIN_PASSWORD=DFg234DSF@#rqw34fgsad >> iredmail-docker.conf
echo MLMMJADMIN_API_TOKEN=$(openssl rand -base64 32) >> iredmail-docker.conf
echo ROUNDCUBE_DES_KEY=$(openssl rand -base64 24) >> iredmail-docker.conf
echo MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=BAThtp2HMR62uC >> iredmail-docker.conf

cd /root/MyData/iredmail
mkdir -p data/{backup,clamav,custom,imapsieve_copy,mailboxes,mlmmj,mlmmj-archive,mysql,sa_rules,ssl,postfix_queue}

docker run -d \
--name iredmail \
--env-file iredmail-docker.conf \
--hostname mail.aaa.com \
-p 84:80 \
-p 444:443 \
-p 25:25 \
-p 110:110 \
-p 995:995 \
-p 143:143 \
-p 993:993 \
-p 465:465 \
-p 587:587 \
-v /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/backup:/var/vmail/backup \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/mailboxes:/var/vmail/vmail1 \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/mlmmj:/var/vmail/mlmmj \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/mlmmj-archive:/var/vmail/mlmmj-archive \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/imapsieve_copy:/var/vmail/imapsieve_copy \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/custom:/opt/iredmail/custom \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/ssl:/opt/iredmail/ssl \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/clamav:/var/lib/clamav \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/sa_rules:/var/lib/spamassassin \
-v /root/MyData/iredmail/data/postfix_queue:/var/spool/postfix \
iredmail/mariadb:stable

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s3fs|Linux|s3fs

挂载s3

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s3fs Buckets /mountpoint -o passwd_file=/.passwd-s3fs -o url=https://ewr1.vultrobjects.com -o endpoint=US

.passwd-s3fs

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Access Key:Secret Key

20sdM0BdegK5BHLR6TX8:L5cDmhwtNulRgYZ9gffdfghuhF3kAAofDNwUhLvE

chmod 600 /.passwd-s3fs
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